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General Science

Large, puffy, mid-altitude clouds with a flat base and a rounded top describe which of the following?

cumulus clouds

Cumulus clouds are large, puffy, mid-altitude clouds with a flat base and a rounded top. These clouds grow upward and can develop into a cumulonimbus or thunderstorm cloud.

Mechanical Comprehension

If A = 10 ft., B = 1 ft., C = 9 ft., the green box weighs 50 lbs. and the blue box weighs 60 lbs., what does the orange box have to weigh for this lever to balance?

48.89 lbs.

In order for this lever to balance, the torque acting on each side of the fulrum must be equal. So, the torque produced by A must equal the torque produced by B and C. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum which means that the following must be true for the lever to balance:

f_Ad_A = f_Bd_B + f_Cd_C

For this problem, this equation becomes:

50 lbs. x 10 ft. = 60 lbs. x 1 ft. + f_C x 9 ft.

500 ft. lbs. = 60 ft. lbs. + f_C x 9 ft.

f_C = \( \frac{500 ft. lbs. - 60 ft. lbs.}{9 ft.} \) = \( \frac{440 ft. lbs.}{9 ft.} \) = 48.89 lbs.

Automotive Information

A __________ is a drive axle that extends from a transaxle or differential to one of the drive wheels.

half shaft

A half shaft is a drive axle that extends from a transaxle or differential to one of the drive wheels. There are two half shafts per drive axle, one for each wheel, each doing "half" the job.

Electronics Information

An inductor __________ changes in the electric current flowing through it.

resists

An inductor is coiled wire that stores electric energy in the form of magnetic energy and resists changes in the electric current flowing through it. If current is increasing, the inductor produces a voltage that slows the increase and, if current is decreasing, the magnetic energy in the coil opposes the decrease to keep the current flowing longer. In contrast to capacitors, inductors allow DC to pass easily but resist the flow of AC.

Electronics Information

The diameter of a number 12 wire is __________ the diameter of a number 6 wire?

less than

The larger the number the smaller the diameter of the wire. So, the diameter of a number 12 wire is less than the diameter of a number 6 wire.

Electronics Information

What kind of diode allows current to flow in the opposite direction once a certain voltage threshold is reached?

zener diode

A diode allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction. A zener diode is a diode which allows current to flow in one direction as normal and will also allow current flow in the reverse direction when the voltage is above a certain value. This value is called the breakdown voltage.

General Science

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Sun?

formed 2.6 billion years ago

The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star (G2V) but is informally known as a yellow dwarf star. Composed of 73% hydrogen and 25% helium, the hot plasma that makes up the Sun reaches 9,900°F (5,505°C) at the surface. It formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago and makes up 99.86% of the mass in the solar system.

Arithmetic Reasoning

A tiger in a zoo has consumed 143 pounds of food in 11 days. If the tiger continues to eat at the same rate, in how many more days will its total food consumtion be 195 pounds?

If the tiger has consumed 143 pounds of food in 11 days that's \( \frac{143}{11} \) = 13 pounds of food per day. The tiger needs to consume 195 - 143 = 52 more pounds of food to reach 195 pounds total. At 13 pounds of food per day that's \( \frac{52}{13} \) = 4 more days.

Arithmetic Reasoning

What is c⁵ x 4c⁷?

4c¹²

To multiply terms with exponents, the base of both exponents must be the same. In this case they are so multiply the coefficients and add the exponents:

c⁵ x 4c⁷
(1 x 4)c^{(5 + 7)}
4c¹²

Mechanical Comprehension

The measure of how much of the power put into a machine is turned into movement or force is called:

efficiency

The efficiency of a machine describes how much of the power put into the machine is turned into movement or force. A 100% efficient machine would turn all of the input power into output movement or force. However, no machine is 100% efficient due to friction, heat, wear and other imperfections that consume input power without delivering any output.