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Sample Practice Test Questions
The electrical potential difference between two points is called:
voltage
Voltage (V) is the electrical potential difference between two points. Electrons will flow as current from areas of high potential (concentration of electrons) to areas of low potential. Voltage and current are directly proportional in that the higher the voltage applied to a conductor the higher the current that will result.
The pitch of the siren of an approaching ambulance changes as it approaches you. This is an example of which of the following?
Doppler effect
The Doppler effect occurs when the source or listener (or both) of sound waves is moving. If they're moving closer together, the listener perceives the sound with a higher pitch and, when they're moving apart, the listener perceives the sound with a lower pitch.
Which engine component converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion that's used to power the vehicle and its components?
crankshaft
The crankshaft converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion that's used to power the vehicle and its components.
An amplifier is most similar in function to which of the following:
step-up transformer
An amplifier is a device that takes a small input signal and creates a larger output signal. This makes it most similar to a step-up transformer which takes a smaller input voltage and creates a larger output voltage.
A fixed pulley has a mechanical advantage of:
1
A fixed pulley is used to change the direction of a force and does not multiply the force applied. As such, it has a mechanical advantage of one. The benefit of a fixed pulley is that it can allow the force to be applied at a more convenient angle, for example, pulling downward or horizontally to lift an object instead of upward.
If the green box weighs 20 lbs. and is 1 ft. from the fulcrum, how far from the fulcrum would a 70 lbs. force need to be applied to balance the lever?
To balance this lever the torques at the green box and the blue arrow must be equal. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum so the equation for equilibrium is:
Rada = Rbdb
where a represents the green box and b the blue arrow, R is resistance (weight/force) and d is the distance from the fulcrum.Solving for db, our missing value, and plugging in our variables yields:
db = \( \frac{R_ad_a}{R_b} \) = \( \frac{20 lbs. \times 1 ft.}{70 lbs.} \) = \( \frac{20 ft⋅lb}{70 lbs.} \) = 0.29 ft.
Materials like metals that transfer heat efficiently are called:
conductors
Heat is always transferred from warmer to cooler environments and conduction is the simplest way this transfer can occur. It is accomplished through direct contact between materials and materials like metals that transfer heat efficiently are called conductors while those that conduct heat poorly, such as plastic, are called insulators.
What is a framing square used for?
marking lines at a right angle
Rulers are used to both measure distance and to draw straight lines. Tape measures are flexible rulers made from cloth or metal and are useful for measuring longer distances and in tighter spaces. Both rulers and tape measures provide similar accuracy, commonly down to \({1 \over 16}\) or \({1 \over 32}\) inch. A steel framing square is made up of a shorter ruler (tongue) and a longer ruler (blade) that meet at a 90° (right) angle. A framing square is often used by carpenters when framing stairs and roofs.