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Sample Practice Test Questions
If the green box weighs 20 lbs. and is 1 ft. from the fulcrum, how far from the fulcrum would a 70 lbs. force need to be applied to balance the lever?
To balance this lever the torques at the green box and the blue arrow must be equal. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum so the equation for equilibrium is:
Rada = Rbdb
where a represents the green box and b the blue arrow, R is resistance (weight/force) and d is the distance from the fulcrum.Solving for db, our missing value, and plugging in our variables yields:
db = \( \frac{R_ad_a}{R_b} \) = \( \frac{20 lbs. \times 1 ft.}{70 lbs.} \) = \( \frac{20 ft⋅lb}{70 lbs.} \) = 0.29 ft.
Which of the following is not a vector quantity?
mass
Velocity and displacement are vector quantities which means each is fully described by both a magnitude and a direction. In contrast, scalar quantities are quantities that are fully described by a magnitude only. A variable indicating a vector quantity will often be shown with an arrow symbol: \(\vec{v}\)
Which of the following determines whether a socket can be used with a particular ratchet?
the drive size
A ratchet (or socket wrench) is a wrench that applies torque in only one direction with a handle that can be moved back and forth without losing contact with the fastener. A ratchet uses variable attachments called sockets which come in a variety of drive sizes based on the size of the opening that attaches to the ratchet. Sockets with the same drive size will vary in the shape (six-point, twelve-point) and size of the nut opening that attaches to the fastener being tightened or loosened. Smaller point sized sockets are stronger and can apply greater torque while larger point sizes allow easier alignment.
Large, puffy, mid-altitude clouds with a flat base and a rounded top describe which of the following?
cumulus clouds
Cumulus clouds are large, puffy, mid-altitude clouds with a flat base and a rounded top. These clouds grow upward and can develop into a cumulonimbus or thunderstorm cloud.
A fixed pulley is useful for which of the following?
changing the direction of the input force
A fixed pulley is used to change the direction of a force and does not multiply the force applied. As such, it has a mechanical advantage of one. The benefit of a fixed pulley is that it can allow the force to be applied at a more convenient angle, for example, pulling downward or horizontally to lift an object instead of upward.
A transistor works by allowing a small amount of current to control general current flow. Where is the small amount of current applied?
base
The transistor is the foundation of modern electronic devices. It is made entirely from semiconductor material (making it a solid state device) and can serve many different functions in a circuit including acting as a switch, amplifier, or current regulator. A transistor works by allowing a small amount of current applied at the base to control general current flow from collector to emitter through the transistor.
Torque involves a perpendicular force applied to a lever arm that moves around a center of rotation. Increasing the length of the lever arm will do which of the following?
increase torque
Torque measures force applied during rotation: τ = rF. Torque (τ, the Greek letter tau) = the radius of the lever arm (r) multiplied by the force (F) applied. Radius is measured from the center of rotation or fulcrum to the point at which the perpendicular force is being applied. The resulting unit for torque is newton-meter (N-m) or foot-pound (ft-lb).
Capacitors connected in series produce __________ capacitance compared to capacitors connected in parallel.
less
Capacitors store electricity and are used in circuits as temporary batteries. Capacitors are charged by DC current (AC current passes through a capacitor) and that stored charge can later be dissipated into the circuit as needed. Capacitors connected in series produce less capacitance than capacitors connected in parallel.
Solve for z:
z2 + 6z - 13 = -z + 5
The first step to solve a quadratic expression that's not set to zero is to solve the equation so that it is set to zero:
z2 + 6z - 13 = -z + 5
z2 + 6z - 13 - 5 = -z
z2 + 6z + z - 18 = 0
z2 + 7z - 18 = 0
Next, factor the quadratic equation:
z2 + 7z - 18 = 0
(z - 2)(z + 9) = 0
For this expression to be true, the left side of the expression must equal zero. Therefore, either (z - 2) or (z + 9) must equal zero:
If (z - 2) = 0, z must equal 2
If (z + 9) = 0, z must equal -9
So the solution is that z = 2 or -9