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Sample Practice Test Questions
Large, puffy, mid-altitude clouds with a flat base and a rounded top describe which of the following?
cumulus clouds
Cumulus clouds are large, puffy, mid-altitude clouds with a flat base and a rounded top. These clouds grow upward and can develop into a cumulonimbus or thunderstorm cloud.
If the ratio of home fans to visiting fans in a crowd is 3:1 and all 38,000 seats in a stadium are filled, how many home fans are in attendance?
A ratio of 3:1 means that there are 3 home fans for every one visiting fan. So, of every 4 fans, 3 are home fans and \( \frac{3}{4} \) of every fan in the stadium is a home fan:
38,000 fans x \( \frac{3}{4} \) = \( \frac{114000}{4} \) = 28,500 fans.
Two gears are connected and the larger gear drives the smaller gear. The speed of rotation will __________ and the torque will __________.
increase, decrease
Connected gears of different numbers of teeth are used together to change the rotational speed and torque of the input force. If the smaller gear drives the larger gear, the speed of rotation will be reduced and the torque will increase. If the larger gear drives the smaller gear, the speed of rotation will increase and the torque will be reduced.
What defines the mechanical advantage of a first class lever?
position of the fulcrum
A first-class lever is used to increase force or distance while changing the direction of the force. The lever pivots on a fulcrum and, when a force is applied to the lever at one side of the fulcrum, the other end moves in the opposite direction. The position of the fulcrum also defines the mechanical advantage of the lever. If the fulcrum is closer to the force being applied, the load can be moved a greater distance at the expense of requiring a greater input force. If the fulcrum is closer to the load, less force is required but the force must be applied over a longer distance. An example of a first-class lever is a seesaw / teeter-totter.
A cylinder with a radius (r) and a height (h) has a surface area of:
2(π r2) + 2π rh
A cylinder is a solid figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section with a radius (r) and a height (h). The volume of a cylinder is π r2h and the surface area is 2(π r2) + 2π rh.
The piston moves downward in the cylinder creating a vacuum that pulls an air-fuel mix into the combustion chamber. This describes which engine stroke?
intake
The four-stroke piston cycle of internal combustion engines starts with the piston at top of the cylinder head (top dead center or TDC) during the intake stroke. The piston moves downward in the cylinder creating a vacuum that pulls an air-fuel mix into the combustion chamber through the now open intake valve.
An arc-welder creates heat using:
high voltage electricity
Welding is a high-temperature process that involves melting the base metals in the objects to be joined to fuse them together. A filler metal is used to provide additional material to make up a joint that, depending on the weld type, can be stronger than the base materials alone. Oxyacetylene welding is a welding process that uses a torch fueled with oxygen and acetylene gases. Electric-arc welding utlizes electric current in a safer welding process (it doesn't involve burning explosive gases) that enables a wide variety of specialized applications like stick, MIG (metal inert gas), and TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding.
Which of these materials is not a good conductor of electricity?
air
All conductors have resistance and the amount of resistance varies with the element. In general, metals make the best conductors of electricity and non-metals make the worst conductors of electricity.
Sound travels fastest through which of the following media?
metal
The speed of a sound wave will vary with the medium. Sound travels fastest through media that has particles that are very close together, like metal. Thus, it travels faster through water than through air and doesn't travel at all through a vacuum (there are no particles in empty space to vibrate).