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Electronics Information

The farad is a unit of measurement for:

capacitance

Capacitors store electricity and are used in circuits as temporary batteries. Capacitors are charged by DC current (AC current passes through a capacitor) and that stored charge can later be dissipated into the circuit as needed. Capacitors are often used to maintain power within a system when it is disconnected from its primary power source or to smooth out or filter voltage within a circuit.

General Science

Which of the following members of the food chain are most alike?

scavengers and decomposers

Like decomposers, scavengers also break down the dead bodies of plants and animals into simple nutrients. The difference is that scavengers operate on much larger refuse and dead animals (carrion). Decomposers then consume the much smaller particles left over by the scavengers.

Electronics Information

The voltage output of a transformer primarily depends on which of the following?

the number of turns in the wire of the coils

A transformer utilizes an inductor to increase or decrease the voltage in a circuit. AC flowing in a coil wrapped around an iron core magnetizes the core causing it to produce a magnetic field. This magnetic field generates a voltage in a nearby coil of wire and, depending on the number of turns in the wire of the primary (source) and secondary coils and their proximity, voltage is induced in the secondary coil.

Arithmetic Reasoning

The __________ is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of two or more integers.

least common multiple

The least common multiple (LCM) is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of two or more integers.

General Science

__________ is caused by a lack of iron in the diet.

anemia

Anemia, which may cause weakness, dizziness, and headaches is caused by a lack of iron in the diet.

General Science

Which of these digestive enzymes is not produced by the pancreas?

gastric acid

The acids produced by the pancreas contain several enzymes that aid in digestion. Lipase converts fat to glycerol and fatty acids. Pancreatic amylase breaks down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars. Trypsin converts polypeptides (the building blocks of protein) into amino acids.

Word Knowledge

Accommodate most nearly means:

oblige

To give consideration to.

Mechanical Comprehension

The advantage of using a third-class lever is that it increases:

the speed of the load

A third-class lever is used to increase distance traveled by an object in the same direction as the force applied. The fulcrum is at one end of the lever, the object at the other, and the force is applied between them. This lever does not impart a mechanical advantage as the effort force must be greater than the load but does impart extra speed to the load. Examples of third-class levers are shovels and tweezers.

Word Knowledge

Comprehensible most nearly means:

intelligle

Understandable.

Mechanical Comprehension

If 15 lbs. of force is applied 8 ft. from the fulcrum at the blue arrow and the green box is 7 ft. from the fulcrum, how much would the green box have to weigh to balance the lever?

17.14 lbs.

To balance this lever the torques at the green box and the blue arrow must be equal. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum so the equation for equilibrium is:

R_ad_a = R_bd_b

where a represents the green box and b the blue arrow, R is resistance (weight/force) and d is the distance from the fulcrum.

Solving for R_a, our missing value, and plugging in our variables yields:

R_a = \( \frac{R_bd_b}{d_a} \) = \( \frac{15 lbs. \times 8 ft.}{7 ft.} \) = \( \frac{120 ft⋅lb}{7 ft.} \) = 17.14 lbs.