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Mechanical Comprehension

Which class of lever is used to increase force on an object in the same direction as the force is applied?

second

A second-class lever is used to increase force on an object in the same direction as the force is applied. This lever requires a smaller force to lift a larger load but the force must be applied over a greater distance. The fulcrum is placed at one end of the lever and mechanical advantage increases as the object being lifted is moved closer to the fulcrum or the length of the lever is increased. An example of a second-class lever is a wheelbarrow.

General Science

The __________ nervous system regulates involuntary activity in the heart, stomach, and intestines.

autonomic

Part of the peripheral nervous system, the autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary activity in the heart, stomach, and intestines.

Shop Information

Which of the following would be used to make a drilling guide mark in a sheet of metal?

center punch

A punch is narrow and is used to drive objects like nails (pin punch) or for making guide marks for drilling (center punch) or patterns in wood or metal.

Mechanical Comprehension

If the green arrow in this diagram represents 420 ft⋅lb of work, how far will the box move if it weighs 140 pounds?

3 ft.

The Law of Work states that the work put into a machine is equal to the work received from the machine under ideal conditions. In equation form, that's:

W_in = W_out
F_effort x d_effort = F_resistance x d_resistance

In this problem, the effort work is 420 ft⋅lb and the resistance force is 140 lbs. and we need to calculate the resistance distance:

W_in = F_resistance x d_resistance
420 ft⋅lb = 140 lbs. x d_resistance
d_resistance = \( \frac{420ft⋅lb}{140 lbs.} \) = 3 ft.

Electronics Information

An inductor __________ changes in the electric current flowing through it.

resists

An inductor is coiled wire that stores electric energy in the form of magnetic energy and resists changes in the electric current flowing through it. If current is increasing, the inductor produces a voltage that slows the increase and, if current is decreasing, the magnetic energy in the coil opposes the decrease to keep the current flowing longer. In contrast to capacitors, inductors allow DC to pass easily but resist the flow of AC.

Automotive Information

Which of these is not necessary for combustion?

accelerant

Combustion is the burning of an air-fuel mixture to provide energy. It requires the presence of air, fuel, and a heat source to ignite the air-fuel mixture. In the internal combustion engine that powers automobiles and trucks the combustion happens inside the engine utilzing a fuel like gasoline, diesel fuel, or natural gas.

Word Knowledge

The sociable Glenda was delighted to receive the party invitation.

genial

Inclined to seek companionship.

General Science

Secondary consumers that also eat producers are known as:

omnivores

Secondary consumers (carnivores) subsist mainly on primary consumers. Omnivores are secondary consumers that also eat producers. Examples are rats, fish, and chickens.

Math Knowledge

The dimensions of this cylinder are height (h) = 5 and radius (r) = 4. What is the surface area?

72π

The surface area of a cylinder is 2πr² + 2πrh:

sa = 2πr² + 2πrh
sa = 2π(4²) + 2π(4 x 5)
sa = 2π(16) + 2π(20)
sa = (2 x 16)π + (2 x 20)π
sa = 32π + 40π
sa = 72π

General Science

Regulation of heart rhythm occurs in:

medulla

Part of the brainstem, the medulla is the connection between the brain and the spinal cord. It controls involuntary actions like breathing, swallowing, and heartbeat.