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Electronics Information

An inductor __________ changes in the electric current flowing through it.

resists

An inductor is coiled wire that stores electric energy in the form of magnetic energy and resists changes in the electric current flowing through it. If current is increasing, the inductor produces a voltage that slows the increase and, if current is decreasing, the magnetic energy in the coil opposes the decrease to keep the current flowing longer. In contrast to capacitors, inductors allow DC to pass easily but resist the flow of AC.

General Science

Bronchioles, alveolus, and capillaries are vital parts of which bodily system?

respiration

The trachea branches into the left and right bronchi which each lead to a lung where the bronchi subdivide into smaller tubes called bronchioles. Each bronchiole ends in a small sac called an alveolus which allows oxygen from the air to enter the bloodstream via tiny blood vessels called capillaries.

General Science

Most digestion takes place where?

small intestine

The small intestine is where most digestion takes place. As food travels along the small intestine it gets broken down completely by enzymes secreted from the walls. These enzymes are produced in the small intestine as well as in the pancreas and liver. After the enzymes break down the food, the resulting substances are then absorbed into the blood via capillaries in the small intestine walls.

Word Knowledge

Ebenezer Scrooge was most penurious, refusing to give even a penny to charity.

frugal

Extrememly stingy.

General Science

In a eukaryotic cell, which organelles deal with proteins?

all of these deal with proteins

The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell contains the genetic material of the cell and is surrounded by cytoplasm which contains many organelles. Ribosomes produce proteins, endoplasmic reticulum helps synthesize proteins and fats, and Golgi apparatus prepares proteins for use.

General Science

Absolute zero is which of the following?

the coldest temperature possible in the universe

In contrast to the Celsius scale (measured in degrees centigrade) that fixes 0° at the freezing point of water and the Fahrenheit scale that uses 32°, the Kelvin scale fixes 0 at absolute zero (-273°C) which is the lowest temperature possible in the universe.

General Science

The four planets closest to the Sun are called terrestrial. What does terrestrial mean?

the planets are Earth-like

The four planets closest to the Sun (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) are called terrestrial (Earth-like) planets because, like the Earth, they're solid with inner metal cores covered by rocky surfaces.

Mechanical Comprehension

If the green box weighs 25 lbs. and 75 lbs. of force is applied 5 ft. from the fulcrum at the blue arrow, how far from the fulcrum would the green box need to be placed to balance the lever?

15 ft.

To balance this lever the torques at the green box and the blue arrow must be equal. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum so the equation for equilibrium is:

R_ad_a = R_bd_b

where a represents the green box and b the blue arrow, R is resistance (weight/force) and d is the distance from the fulcrum.

Solving for d_a, our missing value, and plugging in our variables yields:

d_a = \( \frac{R_bd_b}{R_a} \) = \( \frac{75 lbs. \times 5 ft.}{25 lbs.} \) = \( \frac{375 ft⋅lb}{25 lbs.} \) = 15 ft.

Word Knowledge

Anthology most nearly means:

collection

A collection of selected literary pieces.

General Science

Which of the following is not a base unit in the metric system?

degree Fahrenheit

The Fahrenheit scale is used for measuring temperature in the British system. The metric system uses the Celsius scale.