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Mechanical Comprehension

Two gears are connected and the larger gear drives the smaller gear. The speed of rotation will __________ and the torque will __________.

increase, decrease

Connected gears of different numbers of teeth are used together to change the rotational speed and torque of the input force. If the smaller gear drives the larger gear, the speed of rotation will be reduced and the torque will increase. If the larger gear drives the smaller gear, the speed of rotation will increase and the torque will be reduced.

Automotive Information

Both intake and exhaust valves are closed as the piston begins moving back up from the bottom of the cylinder, compressing the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber which also makes it hotter. This describes which engine stroke?

compression

During the compression stroke, both intake and exhaust valves are closed as the piston begins moving back up from the bottom of the cylinder (bottom dead center or BDC). This compresses the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber which also makes it hotter.

Math Knowledge

$\sqrt{80}$

If side a = 8, side b = 4, what is the length of the hypotenuse of this right triangle?

$ \sqrt{80} $

According to the Pythagorean theorem, the hypotenuse squared is equal to the sum of the two perpendicular sides squared:

c² = a² + b²
c² = 8² + 4²
c² = 64 + 16
c² = 80
c = $ \sqrt{80} $

Word Knowledge

Brandish most nearly means:

flourish

To shake or wave menacingly.

Mechanical Comprehension

When all forces acting on a system cancel each other out, this is called:

equilibrium

When a system is stable or balanced (equilibrium) all forces acting on the system cancel each other out. In the case of torque, equilibrium means that the sum of the anticlockwise moments about a center of rotation equal the sum of the clockwise moments.

General Science

A major difference between sound waves and light waves is which of the following?

all of these are correct

A vibrating object produces a sound wave that travels outwardly from the object through a medium (any liquid or solid matter). The vibration disturbs the particles in the surrounding medium, those particles disturb the particules next to them, and so on, as the sound propagates away from the vibration.

General Science

Heat is always transferred from __________ to __________ environments.

warmer, cooler

Heat is always transferred from warmer to cooler environments and conduction is the simplest way this transfer can occur. It is accomplished through direct contact between materials and materials like metals that transfer heat efficiently are called conductors while those that conduct heat poorly, such as plastic, are called insulators.

Shop Information

Which of the following saws would you use for creating a curved cut in wood?

coping saw

Wood saws are categorized by their teeth shape and the number of teeth per inch (TPI). The higher the TPI of a saw the finer the cut it will make. Crosscut saws utilize knife-shaped teeth that cut across the grain of the wood while rip saws cut with the grain using chisel-shaped teeth that rip the wood cells apart as the cut is made. The kerf (slot) made by by a crosscut saw is much smoother than that made by a rip saw but a rip saw cuts much faster. Coping saws are a type of bow saw used to make detailed often curving cuts using replaceable blades with fine small teeth.

Mechanical Comprehension

Normal force is generally equal to the __________ of an object.

weight

Normal force arises on a flat horizontal surface in response to an object's weight pressing it down. Consequently, normal force is generally equal to the object's weight.

General Science

Which of these is matter than cannot be separated into different types of matter by ordinary chemical methods?

element

An element is matter than cannot be separated into different types of matter by ordinary chemical methods.