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Mechanical Comprehension

Which of these is the formula for kinetic energy?

\(KE = {1 \over 2}mv^2\)

Kinetic energy is the energy of movement and is a function of the mass of an object and its speed: \(KE = {1 \over 2}mv^2\) where m is mass in kilograms, v is speed in meters per second, and KE is in joules. The most impactful quantity to kinetic energy is velocity as an increase in mass increases KE linearly while an increase in speed increases KE exponentially.

General Science

The number system most used in science is the:

metric system

The metric system is a number system that designates one base unit for each type of measurement. For example, the base unit for length is the meter and the base unit for mass is the gram.

Mechanical Comprehension

Sam can do 50 ft. lb. of work in 2 minutes and 5 seconds. What would Sam have to do to increase his power output?

do the work in 2 minutes

Power is the rate of doing work or \(\frac{W}{t}\). To increase power, increase the work being done in the same amount of time or do the same amount of work in less time.

Word Knowledge

Abate most nearly means:

subside

Become less in amount or intensity.

Automotive Information

Which of the following is not a function of antifreeze?

lubricates the cooling system

Modern car engines are cooled by liquid which circulates through the engine block and cylinder heads absorbing excess heat. This liquid is made up of half water and half antifreeze (commonly, ethylene glycol) which both keeps the water from freezing at low temperatures and raises its boiling point making heat transfer more efficient.

Electronics Information

Which of the following statements about electrical resistance is true?

the more resistive the conductor is the slower electron flow will be

Resistance is opposition to the flow of current. As resistance increases, current decreases as resistance and current are inversely proportional.

Mechanical Comprehension

If the radius of the axle is 5 and the radius of the wheel is 6, what is the mechanical advantage of this wheel and axle configuration?

The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle lies in the difference in radius between the inner (axle) wheel and the outer wheel. But, this mechanical advantage is only realized when the input effort and load are applied to different wheels. Applying both input effort and load to the same wheel results in a mechanical advantage of 1.

Shop Information

Which of the following types of saws would you use if you needed to cut the wood quickly and weren't concerned with leaving rough edges?

rip saw

Wood saws are categorized primarily by their teeth. Crosscut saws utilize knife-shaped teeth that cut across the grain of the wood while rip saws cut with the grain using chisel-shaped teeth that rip the wood cells apart as the cut is made. The kerf (slot) made by by a crosscut saw is much smoother than that made by a rip saw but a rip saw cuts much faster. Coping saws are a type of bow saw used to make detailed often curving cuts using replaceable blades with fine small teeth.

General Science

In cell biology, where does DNA replication take place?

nucleus

The cell nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell and is where DNA replication takes place.

Mechanical Comprehension

If the handles of a wheelbarrow are 3 ft. from the wheel axle, what force must you exert to lift the handles if it's carrying a 270 lb. load concentrated at a point 0.5 ft. from the axle?

45 lbs

This problem describes a second-class lever and, for a second class lever, the effort force multiplied by the effort distance equals the resistance force multipied by the resistance distance: F_ed_e = F_rd_r. Plugging in the variables from this problem yields:

F_e x 3 ft. = 270 lbs x 0.5 ft
F_e = 135 ft-lb. / 3 ft
F_e= 45 lbs