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Sample Practice Test Questions
The most common circuit configuration is:
series-parallel
Circuits are not limited to only series or only parallel configurations. Most circuits contain a mix of series and parallel segments. A good example is a household circuit breaker. Electrical outlets in each section of the house are wired in parallel with the circuit breaker for that section wired in series making it easy to cut off electricity to the parallel parts of the circuit when needed.
An element in the physical state of __________ maintains a constant volume and shape.
solid
An element in a solid state has atoms or molecules that are constricted and do not move freely. Solids maintain a constant volume and shape and exist at a lower temperature than liquids or gases.
The radius of the axle is 3, the radius of the wheel is 4, and the blue box weighs 35 lbs. What is the effort force necessary to balance the load?
The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is the input radius divided by the output radius:
MA = \( \frac{r_i}{r_o} \)
In this case, the input radius (where the effort force is being applied) is 4 and the output radius (where the resistance is being applied) is 3 for a mechanical advantage of \( \frac{4}{3} \) = 1.33
MA = \( \frac{load}{effort} \) so effort = \( \frac{load}{MA} \) = \( \frac{35 lbs.}{1.33} \) = 26.32 lbs.
If the radius of the axle is 5 and the radius of the wheel is 6, what is the mechanical advantage of this wheel and axle configuration?
The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is the input radius divided by the output radius:
MA = \( \frac{r_i}{r_o} \)
In this case, the input radius (where the effort force is being applied) is 6 and the output radius (where the resistance is being applied) is 5 for a mechanical advantage of \( \frac{6}{5} \) = 1.2
Food is mixed with gastric acid and pepsin in the __________ to help break down protein.
stomach
Food is mixed with gastric acid and pepsin in the stomach to help break down protein.
In fermentation, what replaces oxygen in anaerobic respiration?
lactic acid or alcohol
If no oxygen is present, cellular respiration is anaerobic and will result in fermentation where either lactic acid or alcohol is used instead of oxygen.
Power brakes multiply the force a driver applies to the brake pedal using a __________ connected to the engine intake manifold.
vacuum booster
Power brakes multiply the force a driver applies to the brake pedal using a vacuum booster connected to the engine intake manifold. This provides for much higher hydraulic pressure in the braking system than could be generated by the driver alone. Antilock brakes (ABS) use speed sensors and adjust the brake pressure at each wheel to prevent skidding and allow the driver more steering control in slippery conditions.
Herbivores are __________ that subsist on producers like plants and fungus.
primary consumers
Primary consumers (herbivores) subsist on producers like plants and fungus. Examples are grasshoppers, cows, and plankton.