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Sample Practice Test Questions

General Science

This skeletal system is common in arthropods like insects, spiders, and crustaceans.

exoskeleton

An exoskeleton (external skeleton) is common in arthropods like insects, spiders, and crustaceans.

Shop Information

Which of the following is not an advantage of using a tape measure over using a ruler?

measure with more accuracy

Rulers are used to both measure distance and to draw straight lines. Tape measures are flexible rulers useful for measuring longer distances and in tighter spaces. Rulers and tape measures provide similarly accurate measurements.

Shop Information

Which of the following determines whether a socket can be used with a particular ratchet?

the drive size

A ratchet (or socket wrench) is a wrench that applies torque in only one direction with a handle that can be moved back and forth without losing contact with the fastener. A ratchet uses variable attachments called sockets which come in a variety of drive sizes based on the size of the opening that attaches to the ratchet. Sockets with the same drive size will vary in the shape (six-point, twelve-point) and size of the nut opening that attaches to the fastener being tightened or loosened. Smaller point sized sockets are stronger and can apply greater torque while larger point sizes allow easier alignment.

Automotive Information

Opposed cylinder designs feature two rows of cylinders that are placed at what angle to each other?

180°

Opposed cylinder designs place cylinders flat in two rows 180° opposite each other with a single crankshaft running between them.

Mechanical Comprehension

The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is equal to the:

ratio of the diameters of the wheels

A wheel and axle uses two different diameter wheels mounted to a connecting axle. Force is applied to the larger wheel and large movements of this wheel result in small movements in the smaller wheel. Because a larger movement distance is being translated to a smaller distance, force is increased with a mechanical advantage equal to the ratio of the diameters of the wheels. An example of a wheel and axle is the steering wheel of a car.

General Science

The fossil record is a product of which period of Earth's history?

Cambrian

The Cambrian period is one of the most significant geological time periods. Lasting about 53 million years, it marked a dramatic burst of changes in life on Earth known as the Cambrian Explosion. It is from this period that the majority of the history of life on Earth, as documented by fossils, is found. Called the fossil record, the layering of these mineralized imprints of organisms preserved in sedementary rock have allowed geologists to build a historical record of plant and animal life on Earth.

Automotive Information

Modern car engines are cooled by:

liquid

Modern car engines are cooled by liquid which circulates through the engine block and cylinder heads absorbing excess heat. This liquid is made up of half water and half antifreeze (commonly, ethylene glycol) which both keeps the water from freezing at low temperatures and raises its boiling point making heat transfer more efficient.

Electronics Information

The hertz is a unit of measurement for:

frequency

The hertz is a unit of measurement for frequency.

Electronics Information
inductor

This circuit component symbol represents a(n):

inductor

An inductor is coiled wire that stores electric energy in the form of magnetic energy and resists changes in the electric current flowing through it. If current is increasing, the inductor produces a voltage that slows the increase and, if current is decreasing, the magnetic energy in the coil opposes the decrease to keep the current flowing longer. In contrast to capacitors, inductors allow DC to pass easily but resist the flow of AC.

Mechanical Comprehension
2 If the force applied at the blue arrow over 5 ft. moves the green box 2.5 ft., what is the mechanical advantage of this lever?
2

Mechanical advantage (MA) can be calculated knowing only the distance the effort (blue arrow) moves and the distance the resistance (green box) moves. The equation is:

MA = \( \frac{E_d}{R_d} \)

where Ed is the effort distance and Rd is the resistance distance. For this problem, the equation becomes:

MA = \( \frac{5 ft.}{2.5 ft.} \) = 2

You might be wondering how having an effort distance of 2 times the resistance distance is an advantage. Remember the principle of moments. For a lever in equilibrium the effort torque equals the resistance torque. Because torque is force x distance, if the effort distance is 2 times the resistance distance, the effort force must be \( \frac{1}{2} \) the resistance force. You're trading moving 2 times the distance for only having to use \( \frac{1}{2} \) the force.