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Electronics Information

This circuit component symbol represents a(n):

transistor

The transistor is the foundation of modern electronic devices. It is made entirely from semiconductor material (making it a solid state device) and can serve many different functions in a circuit including acting as a switch, amplifier, or current regulator. A transistor works by allowing a small amount of current applied at the base to control general current flow from collector to emitter through the transistor.

General Science

Respiration is the process by which __________ absorb oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide.

blood cells

The respiratory system manages respiration which is the process by which blood cells absorb oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide.

Electronics Information

This circuit component symbol represents a(n):

inductor

An inductor is coiled wire that stores electric energy in the form of magnetic energy and resists changes in the electric current flowing through it. If current is increasing, the inductor produces a voltage that slows the increase and, if current is decreasing, the magnetic energy in the coil opposes the decrease to keep the current flowing longer. In contrast to capacitors, inductors allow DC to pass easily but resist the flow of AC.

General Science

Scalar quantities are fully described by which of the following?

a magnitude only

Velocity and displacement are vector quantities which means each is fully described by both a magnitude and a direction. In contrast, scalar quantities are quantities that are fully described by a magnitude only. A variable indicating a vector quantity will often be shown with an arrow symbol: \(\vec{v}\)

Word Knowledge

Aerate most nearly means:

oxygenate

To supply with air.

Mechanical Comprehension

If the radius of the axle is 5 and the radius of the wheel is 8, what is the mechanical advantage of this wheel and axle configuration?

0.63

The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is the input radius divided by the output radius:

MA = \( \frac{r_i}{r_o} \)

In this case, the input radius (where the effort force is being applied) is 5 and the output radius (where the resistance is being applied) is 8 for a mechanical advantage of \( \frac{5}{8} \) = 0.63

General Science

Velocity is the rate at which an object changes position. What is the formula for velocity?

\(\vec{v} = { \vec{d} \over t } \)

Velocity is the rate at which an object changes position. Rate is measured in time and position is measured in displacement so the formula for velocity becomes \(\vec{v} = { \vec{d} \over t } \)

Electronics Information

Capacitors connected in series produce __________ capacitance compared to capacitors connected in parallel.

less

Capacitors store electricity and are used in circuits as temporary batteries. Capacitors are charged by DC current (AC current passes through a capacitor) and that stored charge can later be dissipated into the circuit as needed. Capacitors connected in series produce less capacitance than capacitors connected in parallel.

Arithmetic Reasoning

The __________ is the greatest factor that divides two integers.

greatest common factor

The greatest common factor (GCF) is the greatest factor that divides two integers.

Arithmetic Reasoning

What is \( 5 \)\( \sqrt{20} \) - \( 2 \)\( \sqrt{5} \)

8\( \sqrt{5} \)

To subtract these radicals together their radicands must be the same:

5\( \sqrt{20} \) - 2\( \sqrt{5} \)
5\( \sqrt{4 \times 5} \) - 2\( \sqrt{5} \)
5\( \sqrt{2^2 \times 5} \) - 2\( \sqrt{5} \)
(5)(2)\( \sqrt{5} \) - 2\( \sqrt{5} \)
10\( \sqrt{5} \) - 2\( \sqrt{5} \)

Now that the radicands are identical, you can subtract them:

10\( \sqrt{5} \) - 2\( \sqrt{5} \)
(10 - 2)\( \sqrt{5} \)
8\( \sqrt{5} \)