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Sample Practice Test Questions
The force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system is called:
mechanical advantage
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system. Such a device utilizes input force and trades off forces against movement to amplify and/or change its direction.
This problem describes an inclined plane and, for an inclined plane, the effort force multiplied by the effort distance equals the resistance force multipied by the resistance distance:
Fede = Frdr
Plugging in the variables from this problem yields:
Fe x 14 ft. = 290 lbs. x 2 ft.
Fe = \( \frac{580 ft⋅lb}{14 ft.} \) = 41.4 lbs.
What is the primary difference between internal and external combustion engines?
where the power is developed
The primary difference between internal and external combustion engines lies in where the power is developed. In an internal combustion engine fuel is ignited and burned inside the same container where the power is developed while in an external combustion engine the fuel is ignited outside the engine and the resulting power sent to it.
Why is an insulator a poor conductor of electricity?
an insulator has few free electrons
Insulators have valence shells that are more than half full of electrons and, as such, are tightly bound to the nucleus and difficult to move from one atom to another.
What is a caliper used for?
transferring distances between objects
Calipers are similar to micrometers in shape but instead of measuring distances, calipers are used to transfer distances between objects. An outside caliper is used to transfer outside dimensions while an inside caliper is used to transfer inside distances. A vernier caliper is an extremely precise caliper (down to \({1 \over 1000}\) inch) that allows measuring / transferring either inside or outside dimensions.
Elements that belong to the same period in the Periodic Table of the Elements have the same number of:
electron shells
The rows of the Periodic Table are called periods and contain elements that have the same number of electron shells ordered from lower to higher atomic number.
In which type of compound does one atom borrow an electron from another atom?
ionic
A compound is a substance containing two or more different chemical elements bound together by a chemical bond. In covalent compounds, electrons are shared between atoms. In ionic compounds, one atom borrows an electron from another atom resulting in two ions (electrically charged atoms) of opposite polarities that then become bonded electrostatically.
Small rocks shed by asteroids and comets that reach the earth are called:
meteorites
Smaller rocks shed by asteroids and comets are called meteoroids. When these rocks reach Earth's atmosphere, they burn up in the mesosphere and become meteors. If a meteor manages to reach the Earth, it is called a meteorite.