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General Science

Earth's history is divided into time periods, which of these is the shortest time period?

age

The Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old and its history is divided into time periods based on the events that took place and the forms of life that were dominant during those periods. The largest graduation of time is the eon and each eon is subdivided into eras, eras into periods, periods into epochs, and epochs into ages.

Automotive Information

Which of the following is not a primary function of a vehicle's lubrication system?

increases fuel economy

The lubrication system lubricates engine components by putting an oil film between them to reduce friction and smooth engine operation, cools by absorbing heat from engine parts, seals the pistons and cylinders to contain combustion, cleans contaminants, and quiets engine noise.

General Science

Herbivores are __________ that subsist on producers like plants and fungus.

primary consumers

Primary consumers (herbivores) subsist on producers like plants and fungus. Examples are grasshoppers, cows, and plankton.

Word Knowledge

The soldiers cherished the kindly Nurse Nightingale for her pathos.

compassion

Sympathetic pity.

Math Knowledge

Solve 3b + 2b = 9b - 9y + 8 for b in terms of y.

1\(\frac{5}{6}\)y - 1\(\frac{1}{3}\)

To solve this equation, isolate the variable for which you are solving (b) on one side of the equation and put everything else on the other side.

3b + 2y = 9b - 9y + 8
3b = 9b - 9y + 8 - 2y
3b - 9b = -9y + 8 - 2y
-6b = -11y + 8
b = \( \frac{-11y + 8}{-6} \)
b = \( \frac{-11y}{-6} \) + \( \frac{8}{-6} \)
b = 1\(\frac{5}{6}\)y - 1\(\frac{1}{3}\)

Mechanical Comprehension

If the green arrow in this diagram represents 420 ft⋅lb of work, how far will the box move if it weighs 140 pounds?

3 ft.

The Law of Work states that the work put into a machine is equal to the work received from the machine under ideal conditions. In equation form, that's:

W_in = W_out
F_effort x d_effort = F_resistance x d_resistance

In this problem, the effort work is 420 ft⋅lb and the resistance force is 140 lbs. and we need to calculate the resistance distance:

W_in = F_resistance x d_resistance
420 ft⋅lb = 140 lbs. x d_resistance
d_resistance = \( \frac{420ft⋅lb}{140 lbs.} \) = 3 ft.

Mechanical Comprehension

What defines the mechanical advantage of a first class lever?

position of the fulcrum

A first-class lever is used to increase force or distance while changing the direction of the force. The lever pivots on a fulcrum and, when a force is applied to the lever at one side of the fulcrum, the other end moves in the opposite direction. The position of the fulcrum also defines the mechanical advantage of the lever. If the fulcrum is closer to the force being applied, the load can be moved a greater distance at the expense of requiring a greater input force. If the fulcrum is closer to the load, less force is required but the force must be applied over a longer distance. An example of a first-class lever is a seesaw / teeter-totter.

General Science

__________ and __________ pair to strengthen bones.

vitamin D, calcium

Vitamin D helps calcium strengthen bones while also aiding muscle, nerve, and immune system function.

Math Knowledge

A coordinate grid is composed of which of the following?

all of these

The coordinate grid is composed of a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis. The center of the grid, where the x-axis and y-axis meet, is called the origin.

Arithmetic Reasoning

Which of the following is not a prime number?

A prime number is an integer greater than 1 that has no factors other than 1 and itself. Examples of prime numbers include 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11.