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Mechanical Comprehension

Which of the following statements about drag is false?

slower objects experience more drag than faster objects

Drag is friction that opposes movement through a fluid like liquid or air. The amount of drag depends on the shape and speed of the object with slower objects experiencing less drag than faster objects and more aerodynamic objects experiencing less drag than those with a large leading surface area.

Mechanical Comprehension

If the force applied at the blue arrow over 5 ft. moves the green box 2.5 ft., what is the mechanical advantage of this lever?

Mechanical advantage (MA) can be calculated knowing only the distance the effort (blue arrow) moves and the distance the resistance (green box) moves. The equation is:

MA = \( \frac{E_d}{R_d} \)

where E_d is the effort distance and R_d is the resistance distance. For this problem, the equation becomes:

MA = \( \frac{5 ft.}{2.5 ft.} \) = 2

You might be wondering how having an effort distance of 2 times the resistance distance is an advantage. Remember the principle of moments. For a lever in equilibrium the effort torque equals the resistance torque. Because torque is force x distance, if the effort distance is 2 times the resistance distance, the effort force must be \( \frac{1}{2} \) the resistance force. You're trading moving 2 times the distance for only having to use \( \frac{1}{2} \) the force.

General Science

Which of these does not contain oxygenated blood?

right atrium

To provide oxygen to the body, blood flows through the heart in a path formed by the right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → body. When blood enters the right side of the heart it is deoxygenated. It enters the left side of the heart oxygenated after traveling to the lungs.

Word Knowledge

Parity most nearly means:

sameness

Equality.

General Science

The brain and spinal cord make up the __________ nervous system.

central

The nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) and the peripheral nervous system which is the network of nerve cells (neurons) that collect and distribute signals from the central nervous system throughout the body.

Mechanical Comprehension

An object's resistance to changes in direction is known as:

inertia

The more mass a substance has the more force is required to move it or to change its direction. This resistance to changes in direction is known as inertia.

General Science

In the classification of life, bacteria, archaea and eukaryota are which of the following?

domains

The broadest classification of life splits all organisms into three groups called domains. The three domains of life are bacteria, archaea and eukaryota.

General Science

In cell biology, where does DNA replication take place?

nucleus

The cell nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell and is where DNA replication takes place.

Math Knowledge

Solve 3c + 2c = 9c - 9y + 8 for c in terms of y.

1\(\frac{5}{6}\)y - 1\(\frac{1}{3}\)

To solve this equation, isolate the variable for which you are solving (c) on one side of the equation and put everything else on the other side.

3c + 2y = 9c - 9y + 8
3c = 9c - 9y + 8 - 2y
3c - 9c = -9y + 8 - 2y
-6c = -11y + 8
c = \( \frac{-11y + 8}{-6} \)
c = \( \frac{-11y}{-6} \) + \( \frac{8}{-6} \)
c = 1\(\frac{5}{6}\)y - 1\(\frac{1}{3}\)

General Science

Veins __________ blood at __________ pressure.

deoxygenated, low

Veins carry blood back to the heart from the body. While arteries are thick-walled because they carry oxygenated blood at high pressure, veins are comparatively thin-walled as they carry low-pressure deoxygenated blood. Like the heart, veins contain valves to prevent blood backflow.