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Automotive Information

What combines the suspension spring and shock absorber into one unit?

strut

Because a compressed spring will extend violently, shock absorbers must be used to dampen the spring’s compression and extension cycles. Struts combine the spring and shock into one unit

Math Knowledge

A quadrilateral is a shape with __________ sides.

A quadrilateral is a shape with four sides. The perimeter of a quadrilateral is the sum of the lengths of its four sides.

Arithmetic Reasoning

\({b + c \over a} = {b \over a} + {c \over a}\) defines which of the following?

distributive property for division

The distributive property for division helps in solving expressions like \({b + c \over a}\). It specifies that the result of dividing a fraction with multiple terms in the numerator and one term in the denominator can be obtained by dividing each term individually and then totaling the results: \({b + c \over a} = {b \over a} + {c \over a}\). For example, \({a^3 + 6a^2 \over a^2} = {a^3 \over a^2} + {6a^2 \over a^2} = a + 6\).

Mechanical Comprehension

A = 5 ft., the green box weighs 50 lbs., and the blue box weighs 80 lbs. What does distance B need to be for this lever to balance?

3.13 ft.

In order for this lever to balance, the torque acting on side A must equal the torque acting on side B. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum which means that the following must be true for the lever to balance:

f_Ad_A = f_Bd_B

For this problem, the equation becomes:

50 lbs. x 5 ft. = 80 lbs. x d_B

d_B = \( \frac{50 \times 5 ft⋅lb}{80 lbs.} \) = \( \frac{250 ft⋅lb}{80 lbs.} \) = 3.13 ft.

Word Knowledge

Buffer most nearly means:

cushion

Protective barrier.

Automotive Information

What type of energy does an automotive battery produce?

direct current

An automotive battery produces direct current for use by automotive systems.

Electronics Information

Which of the following is not an advantage of semiconductors over conductors?

a semiconductor conducts current better than a conductor

A semiconductor is a material that has a limited ability to conduct electrical current with conductivity between that of an insulator and that of a conductor. Silicon, a cheap and abundant material, is the most used semiconductor material although other materials are used in the electronics components made from semiconductors. The primary advantages of a semiconductor over a conductor is that the conductivity of a semiconductor can be varied under an external electrical field giving engineers precise control over complex circuits and, unlike conductors like metals, a semiconductor's conductivity increases with increased temperatures.

Arithmetic Reasoning

What is \( \frac{-7a^5}{7a^4} \)?

-a

To divide terms with exponents, the base of both exponents must be the same. In this case they are so divide the coefficients and subtract the exponents:

\( \frac{-7a^5}{7a^4} \)
\( \frac{-7}{7} \) a^{(5 - 4)}
-a

General Science

Force is measured in newtons (N) with 1 N being the force required to impart an acceleration of:

1 m/s² to a mass of 1 kg

Weight is a force that describes the attraction of gravity on an object. Force is measured in newtons (N) with 1 N being the force required to impart an acceleration of 1 m/s² to a mass of 1 kg.

Automotive Information

Which of the following enables heat transfer from the cylinder heads to the coolant?

water jacket

A water jacket is a coolant-filled casing that allows heat transfer from the engine block and cylinder heads to the liquid coolant.