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General Science

Which of the following is not a method of heat transfer?

reflection

Heat is always transferred from warmer to cooler environments through conduction, convection, or radiation.

Arithmetic Reasoning

If \(\left|a\right| = 7\), which of the following best describes a?

a = 7 or a = -7

The absolute value is the positive magnitude of a particular number or variable and is indicated by two vertical lines: \(\left|-5\right| = 5\). In the case of a variable absolute value (\(\left|a\right| = 5\)) the value of a can be either positive or negative (a = -5 or a = 5).

Mechanical Comprehension

A fixed pulley has a mechanical advantage of:

A fixed pulley is used to change the direction of a force and does not multiply the force applied. As such, it has a mechanical advantage of one. The benefit of a fixed pulley is that it can allow the force to be applied at a more convenient angle, for example, pulling downward or horizontally to lift an object instead of upward.

Electronics Information

This circuit component symbol represents a(n):

diode

A diode allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction. Diodes are commonly used for rectification which is the conversion of alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). Because a diode only allows current flow in one direction, it will pass either the upper or lower half of AC waves (half-wave rectification) creating pulsating DC. Multiple diodes can be connected together to utilize both halves of the AC signal in full-wave rectification.

Arithmetic Reasoning

If all of a roofing company's 6 workers are required to staff 3 roofing crews, how many workers need to be added during the busy season in order to send 7 complete crews out on jobs?

In order to find how many additional workers are needed to staff the extra crews you first need to calculate how many workers are on a crew. There are 6 workers at the company now and that's enough to staff 3 crews so there are \( \frac{6}{3} \) = 2 workers on a crew. 7 crews are needed for the busy season which, at 2 workers per crew, means that the roofing company will need 7 x 2 = 14 total workers to staff the crews during the busy season. The company already employs 6 workers so they need to add 14 - 6 = 8 new staff for the busy season.

General Science

In the water cycle, infiltration is most closely related to:

water table

The water then accumulates as runoff and eventually returns to bodies of water or is absorbed into the Earth (infiltration) and becomes part of the water table, an underground resevoir of fresh water.

Mechanical Comprehension

What's the mechanical advantage of a wedge that's 3 inches wide and 12 inches long?

The mechanical advantage (MA) of a wedge is its length divided by its thickness:

MA = \( \frac{l}{t} \) = \( \frac{12 in.}{3 in.} \) = 4

General Science

Gametes have how many pairs of chromosomes?

Reproductive (haploid) cells known as gametes have half as many (23) pairs of chromosomes as normal (diploid) cells. When the male gamete (sperm) combines with the female gamete (ovum) through meiosis to form a zygote, each gamete supplies half the chromosomes needed to form the normal diploid cells.

Arithmetic Reasoning

Find the average of the following numbers: 17, 13, 17, 13.

To find the average of these 4 numbers add them together then divide by 4:

\( \frac{17 + 13 + 17 + 13}{4} \) = \( \frac{60}{4} \) = 15

Mechanical Comprehension

Two gears are connected and the smaller gear drives the larger gear. The speed of rotation will __________ and the torque will __________.

decrease, increase

Connected gears of different numbers of teeth are used together to change the rotational speed and torque of the input force. If the smaller gear drives the larger gear, the speed of rotation will be reduced and the torque will increase. If the larger gear drives the smaller gear, the speed of rotation will increase and the torque will be reduced.