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Sample Practice Test Questions
A human heart consists of how many chambers?
4
The heart is the organ that drives the circulatory system. In humans, it consists of four chambers with two that collect blood called atria and two that pump blood called ventricles. The heart's valves prevent blood pumped out of the ventricles from flowing back into the heart.
If this lever is in equilibrium with an effort force of 10.0 ft. lb. at the blue arrow and a resistance force of 3 ft. lb. at the green box, what is its mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage (MA) is the ratio by which effort force relates to resistance force. If both forces are known, calculating MA is simply a matter of dividing resistance force by effort force:
MA = \( \frac{F_r}{F_e} \) = \( \frac{3 ft.}{10.0 ft.} \) = 0.3
In this case, the mechanical advantage is less than one meaning that each unit of effort force results in just 0.3 units of resistance force. However, a third class lever like this isn't designed to multiply force like a first class lever. A third class lever is designed to multiply distance and speed at the resistance by sacrificing force at the resistance. Different lever styles have different purposes and multiply forces in different ways.
A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment is known as:
ecosystem
An ecosystem is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. This includes both the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living).
When two lines intersect, adjacent angles are __________ (they add up to 180°) and angles across from either other are __________ (they're equal).
supplementary, vertical
Angles around a line add up to 180°. Angles around a point add up to 360°. When two lines intersect, adjacent angles are supplementary (they add up to 180°) and angles across from either other are vertical (they're equal).
DNA is encoded through a combination of which of the following?
nucleotides
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the molecule that contains genetic information. DNA is encoded through a combination of nucleotides that bind together in a specific double helix pattern.
Which of the following statements about this pulley configuration is false?
Only multiplies the effort force
A block and tackle is a combination of one or more fixed pulleys and one or more movable pulleys where the fixed pulleys change the direction of the effort force and the movable pulleys multiply it. The mechanical advantage is equal to the number of times the effort force changes direction and can be increased by adding more pulley wheels to the system. An easy way to find the mechanical advantage of a block and tackle pulley system is to count the number of ropes that support the resistance.
If the area of this square is 16, what is the length of one of the diagonals?
To find the diagonal we need to know the length of one of the square's sides. We know the area and the area of a square is the length of one side squared:
a = s2
so the length of one side of the square is:
s = \( \sqrt{a} \) = \( \sqrt{16} \) = 4
The Pythagorean theorem defines the square of the hypotenuse (diagonal) of a triangle with a right angle as the sum of the squares of the other two sides:
c2 = a2 + b2
c2 = 42 + 42
c2 = 32
c = \( \sqrt{32} \) = \( \sqrt{16 x 2} \) = \( \sqrt{16} \) \( \sqrt{2} \)
c = 4\( \sqrt{2} \)