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Sample Practice Test Questions
Gear ratio indicates which of the following about two connected gears?
mechanical advantage
The mechanical advantage (amount of change in speed or torque) of connected gears is proportional to the number of teeth each gear has. Called gear ratio, it's the ratio of the number of teeth on the larger gear to the number of teeth on the smaller gear. For example, a gear with 12 teeth connected to a gear with 9 teeth would have a gear ratio of 4:3.
What is the primary difference between a rectifier and an inverter?
a rectifier converts an AC input to DC while an inverter converts a DC input to AC
A diode allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction. Diodes are commonly used for rectification which is the conversion of alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). Because a diode only allows current flow in one direction, it will pass either the upper or lower half of AC waves (half-wave rectification) creating pulsating DC. Multiple diodes can be connected together to utilize both halves of the AC signal in full-wave rectification.
The four planets closest to the Sun are called terrestrial. What does terrestrial mean?
the planets are Earth-like
The four planets closest to the Sun (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) are called terrestrial (Earth-like) planets because, like the Earth, they're solid with inner metal cores covered by rocky surfaces.
In the classification of life, which of the following is not a domain?
animalia
The broadest classification of life splits all organisms into three groups called domains. The three domains of life are bacteria, archaea and eukaryota.
pH is a scale that measures of how basic or acidic a solution is. A solution with a pH of 4 is:
acidic
An acid is a substance that gives up positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. A base (alkaline) gives up negatively charged hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. pH is a scale that measures of how basic or acidic a solution is. Numbered from 0 to 14, solutions with a pH of 7 are neutral, less than 7 are acidic, more than 7 are alkaline.
Which of these is not a type of fat?
cholesterol
Fats come in three types, saturated (meats, shellfish, eggs, milk), monounsaturated (olives, almonds, avocados), and polyunsaturated (vegetable oils).
The endpoints of this line segment are at (-2, 2) and (2, -6). What is the slope-intercept equation for this line?
The slope-intercept equation for a line is y = mx + b where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept of the line. From the graph, you can see that the y-intercept (the y-value from the point where the line crosses the y-axis) is -2. The slope of this line is the change in y divided by the change in x. The endpoints of this line segment are at (-2, 2) and (2, -6) so the slope becomes:
m = \( \frac{\Delta y}{\Delta x} \) = \( \frac{(-6.0) - (2.0)}{(2) - (-2)} \) = \( \frac{-8}{4} \)Plugging these values into the slope-intercept equation:
y = -2x - 2
In fermentation, what replaces oxygen in anaerobic respiration?
lactic acid or alcohol
If no oxygen is present, cellular respiration is anaerobic and will result in fermentation where either lactic acid or alcohol is used instead of oxygen.
Which of these digestive enzymes is not produced by the pancreas?
gastric acid
The acids produced by the pancreas contain several enzymes that aid in digestion. Lipase converts fat to glycerol and fatty acids. Pancreatic amylase breaks down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars. Trypsin converts polypeptides (the building blocks of protein) into amino acids.