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Sample Practice Test Questions
If 15 lbs. of force is applied 8 ft. from the fulcrum at the blue arrow and the green box is 7 ft. from the fulcrum, how much would the green box have to weigh to balance the lever?
To balance this lever the torques at the green box and the blue arrow must be equal. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum so the equation for equilibrium is:
Rada = Rbdb
where a represents the green box and b the blue arrow, R is resistance (weight/force) and d is the distance from the fulcrum.Solving for Ra, our missing value, and plugging in our variables yields:
Ra = \( \frac{R_bd_b}{d_a} \) = \( \frac{15 lbs. \times 8 ft.}{7 ft.} \) = \( \frac{120 ft⋅lb}{7 ft.} \) = 17.14 lbs.
Engines with radial cylinder configurations are most common in:
aircraft engines
A radial arrangement places cylinders in a circle around the crankshaft and is used almost exclusively in aircraft engines.
A coordinate grid is composed of which of the following?
all of these
The coordinate grid is composed of a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis. The center of the grid, where the x-axis and y-axis meet, is called the origin.
In the metric system, what prefix represents 10-3?
milli
In the metric system, milli is the prefix for 10-3.
What defines the mechanical advantage of a first class lever?
position of the fulcrum
A first-class lever is used to increase force or distance while changing the direction of the force. The lever pivots on a fulcrum and, when a force is applied to the lever at one side of the fulcrum, the other end moves in the opposite direction. The position of the fulcrum also defines the mechanical advantage of the lever. If the fulcrum is closer to the force being applied, the load can be moved a greater distance at the expense of requiring a greater input force. If the fulcrum is closer to the load, less force is required but the force must be applied over a longer distance. An example of a first-class lever is a seesaw / teeter-totter.
A person's genotype is their genetic makeup and includes:
both dominant and recessive alleles
A person's genotype is their genetic makeup and includes both dominant and recessive alleles. Phenotype is how the genes express themselves in physical characteristics.
The brain and spinal cord make up the __________ nervous system.
central
The nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) and the peripheral nervous system which is the network of nerve cells (neurons) that collect and distribute signals from the central nervous system throughout the body.
Universal donor blood can be given to a person with any blood type. Which blood type is the universal donor?
O-negative
Blood transfer is limited by the type and Rh factor of the blood. Someone who has Rh-factor negative blood cannot receive blood with a positive type but a person with Rh-factor positive type blood can receive Rh-negative blood. Type O negative blood is the universal donor because it can be given to a person with any blood type. Type AB positive is the universal recipient meaning someone with this blood type can receive any other type of blood.
The __________ converts pressure on the brake pedal to hydraulic pressure in the brake lines.
master cylinder
The master (brake) cylinder converts pressure on the brake pedal to hydraulic pressure in the brake lines.