A factorial has the form n! and is the product of the integer (n) and all the positive integers below it. For example, 5! = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 120.

A number in scientific notation has the format 0.000 x 10^exponent. To convert to scientific notation, move the decimal point to the right or the left until the number is a decimal between 1 and 10. The exponent of the 10 is the number of places you moved the decimal point and is positive if you moved the decimal point to the left and negative if you moved it to the right:

1,275,000 in scientific notation is 1.275 x 10⁶

If 87% of the town's 50,000 voters cast ballots the number of votes cast is:

(\( \frac{87}{100} \)) x 50,000 = \( \frac{4,350,000}{100} \) = 43,500

The mayor got 81% of the votes cast which is:

(\( \frac{81}{100} \)) x 43,500 = \( \frac{3,523,500}{100} \) = 35,235 votes.

If the tiger has consumed 77 pounds of food in 7 days that's \( \frac{77}{7} \) = 11 pounds of food per day. The tiger needs to consume 143 - 77 = 66 more pounds of food to reach 143 pounds total. At 11 pounds of food per day that's \( \frac{66}{11} \) = 6 more days.

In order to find how many additional workers are needed to staff the extra crews you first need to calculate how many workers are on a crew. There are 8 workers at the company now and that's enough to staff 2 crews so there are \( \frac{8}{2} \) = 4 workers on a crew. 6 crews are needed for the busy season which, at 4 workers per crew, means that the roofing company will need 6 x 4 = 24 total workers to staff the crews during the busy season. The company already employs 8 workers so they need to add 24 - 8 = 16 new staff for the busy season.