To simplify a radical, factor out the perfect squares:

\( \sqrt{32} \)
\( \sqrt{16 \times 2} \)
\( \sqrt{4^2 \times 2} \)
4\( \sqrt{2} \)

The amount of flour you need is (3\(\frac{3}{8}\) - \(\frac{5}{8}\)) cups. Rewrite the quantities so they share a common denominator and subtract:

(\( \frac{27}{8} \) - \( \frac{5}{8} \)) cups
\( \frac{22}{8} \) cups
2\(\frac{3}{4}\) cups

A rational number (or fraction) is represented as a ratio between two integers, a and b, and has the form \({a \over b}\) where a is the numerator and b is the denominator. An improper fraction (\({5 \over 3} \)) has a numerator with a greater absolute value than the denominator and can be converted into a mixed number (\(1 {2 \over 3} \)) which has a whole number part and a fractional part.

To add or subtract terms with exponents, both the base and the exponent must be the same. In this case they are so add the coefficients and retain the base and exponent:

4b⁵ + 5b⁵
(4 + 5)b⁵
9b⁵

A number in scientific notation has the format 0.000 x 10^exponent. To convert to scientific notation, move the decimal point to the right or the left until the number is a decimal between 1 and 10. The exponent of the 10 is the number of places you moved the decimal point and is positive if you moved the decimal point to the left and negative if you moved it to the right:

4,994,000 in scientific notation is 4.994 x 10⁶