If 58% of the town's 45,000 voters cast ballots the number of votes cast is:

(\( \frac{58}{100} \)) x 45,000 = \( \frac{2,610,000}{100} \) = 26,100

The mayor got 87% of the votes cast which is:

(\( \frac{87}{100} \)) x 26,100 = \( \frac{2,270,700}{100} \) = 22,707 votes.

The number of students taking German or Spanish is 13 + 15 = 28. Of that group of 28, 3 are taking both languages so they've been counted twice (once in the German group and once in the Spanish group). Subtracting them out leaves 28 - 3 = 25 who are taking at least one language. 40 - 25 = 15 students who are not taking either language.

To subtract these fractions, first find the lowest common multiple of their denominators. The first few multiples of 2 are [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20] and the first few multiples of 10 are [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90]. The first few multiples they share are [10, 20, 30, 40, 50] making 10 the smallest multiple 2 and 10 share.

Next, convert the fractions so each denominator equals the lowest common multiple:

\( \frac{4 x 5}{2 x 5} \) - \( \frac{8 x 1}{10 x 1} \)

\( \frac{20}{10} \) - \( \frac{8}{10} \)

Now, because the fractions share a common denominator, you can subtract them:

\( \frac{20 - 8}{10} \) = \( \frac{12}{10} \) = 1\(\frac{1}{5}\)

If the tiger has consumed 110 pounds of food in 11 days that's \( \frac{110}{11} \) = 10 pounds of food per day. The tiger needs to consume 140 - 110 = 30 more pounds of food to reach 140 pounds total. At 10 pounds of food per day that's \( \frac{30}{10} \) = 3 more days.

The least common multiple (LCM) is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of two or more integers.