Use PEMDAS (Parentheses, Exponents, Multipy/Divide, Add/Subtract):

3 + (3 + 5) ÷ 5 x 4 - 2²
P: 3 + (8) ÷ 5 x 4 - 2²
E: 3 + 8 ÷ 5 x 4 - 4
MD: 3 + \( \frac{8}{5} \) x 4 - 4
MD: 3 + \( \frac{32}{5} \) - 4
AS: \( \frac{15}{5} \) + \( \frac{32}{5} \) - 4
AS: \( \frac{47}{5} \) - 4
AS: \( \frac{47 - 20}{5} \)
\( \frac{27}{5} \)
5\(\frac{2}{5}\)

The factors of a number are all positive integers that divide evenly into the number. The factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24.

A rational number (or fraction) is represented as a ratio between two integers, a and b, and has the form \({a \over b}\) where a is the numerator and b is the denominator. An improper fraction (\({5 \over 3} \)) has a numerator with a greater absolute value than the denominator and can be converted into a mixed number (\(1 {2 \over 3} \)) which has a whole number part and a fractional part.

To simplify a radical, factor out the perfect squares:

\( \sqrt{80} \)
\( \sqrt{16 \times 5} \)
\( \sqrt{4^2 \times 5} \)
4\( \sqrt{5} \)

Average speed in miles per hour is the number of miles traveled divided by the number of hours:

Solving for time:

time = \( \frac{\text{distance}}{\text{speed}} \)
time = \( \frac{180mi}{20mph} \)
9 hours