An integer is any whole number, including zero. An integer can be either positive or negative. Examples include -77, -1, 0, 55, 119.

In order to find how many additional workers are needed to staff the extra crews you first need to calculate how many workers are on a crew. There are 12 workers at the company now and that's enough to staff 3 crews so there are \( \frac{12}{3} \) = 4 workers on a crew. 5 crews are needed for the busy season which, at 4 workers per crew, means that the roofing company will need 5 x 4 = 20 total workers to staff the crews during the busy season. The company already employs 12 workers so they need to add 20 - 12 = 8 new staff for the busy season.

A number in scientific notation has the format 0.000 x 10^exponent. To convert to scientific notation, move the decimal point to the right or the left until the number is a decimal between 1 and 10. The exponent of the 10 is the number of places you moved the decimal point and is positive if you moved the decimal point to the left and negative if you moved it to the right:

2,287,000 in scientific notation is 2.287 x 10⁶

If a single cook can bake 2 large cakes per hour and the kitchen is available for 4 hours, a single cook can bake 2 x 4 = 8 large cakes during that time. 30 large cakes are needed for the party so \( \frac{30}{8} \) = 3\(\frac{3}{4}\) cooks are needed to bake the required number of large cakes.

If a single cook can bake 15 small cakes per hour and the kitchen is available for 4 hours, a single cook can bake 15 x 4 = 60 small cakes during that time. 410 small cakes are needed for the party so \( \frac{410}{60} \) = 6\(\frac{5}{6}\) cooks are needed to bake the required number of small cakes.

Because you can't employ a fractional cook, round the number of cooks needed for each type of cake up to the next whole number resulting in 4 + 7 = 11 cooks.

To simplify a radical, factor out the perfect squares:

\( \sqrt{48} \)
\( \sqrt{16 \times 3} \)
\( \sqrt{4^2 \times 3} \)
4\( \sqrt{3} \)