The absolute value is the positive magnitude of a particular number or variable and is indicated by two vertical lines: \(\left|-5\right| = 5\). In the case of a variable absolute value (\(\left|a\right| = 5\)) the value of a can be either positive or negative (a = -5 or a = 5).

Jennifer scored 86% on the test meaning she earned 86% of the possible points on the test. There were 140 possible points on the test so she earned 140 x 0.86 = 120 points. Each question is worth 2 points so she got \( \frac{120}{2} \) = 60 questions right.

The distributive property for multiplication helps in solving expressions like a(b + c). It specifies that the result of multiplying one number by the sum or difference of two numbers can be obtained by multiplying each number individually and then totaling the results: a(b + c) = ab + ac. For example, 4(10-5) = (4 x 10) - (4 x 5) = 40 - 20 = 20.

A number with an exponent (b^e) consists of a base (b) raised to a power (e). The exponent indicates the number of times that the base is multiplied by itself. A base with an exponent of 1 equals the base (b¹ = b) and a base with an exponent of 0 equals 1 ( (b⁰ = 1).

To simplify a radical, factor out the perfect squares:

\( \sqrt{80} \)
\( \sqrt{16 \times 5} \)
\( \sqrt{4^2 \times 5} \)
4\( \sqrt{5} \)