Calculate the number of vans needed by dividing the number of people that need transported by the capacity of one van:

vans = \( \frac{37}{15} \) = 2\(\frac{7}{15}\)

So, it will take 2 full vans and one partially full van to transport the entire team making a total of 3 vans.

A rational number (or fraction) is represented as a ratio between two integers, a and b, and has the form \({a \over b}\) where a is the numerator and b is the denominator. An improper fraction (\({5 \over 3} \)) has a numerator with a greater absolute value than the denominator and can be converted into a mixed number (\(1 {2 \over 3} \)) which has a whole number part and a fractional part.

The commutative property states that, when adding or multiplying numbers, the order in which they're added or multiplied does not matter. For example, 3 + 4 and 4 + 3 give the same result, as do 3 x 4 and 4 x 3.

The distributive property for multiplication helps in solving expressions like a(b + c). It specifies that the result of multiplying one number by the sum or difference of two numbers can be obtained by multiplying each number individually and then totaling the results: a(b + c) = ab + ac. For example, 4(10-5) = (4 x 10) - (4 x 5) = 40 - 20 = 20.

By buying two shirts, Charlie will save $26 x \( \frac{30}{100} \) = \( \frac{$26 x 30}{100} \) = \( \frac{$780}{100} \) = $7.80 on the second shirt.