Power brakes multiply the force a driver applies to the brake pedal using a vacuum booster connected to the engine intake manifold. This provides for much higher hydraulic pressure in the braking system than could be generated by the driver alone. Antilock brakes (ABS) use speed sensors and adjust the brake pressure at each wheel to prevent skidding and allow the driver more steering control in slippery conditions.

Control arms (upper and lower) connect a vehicle's suspension to the frame. The connection to the wheels is through ball joints which allow the control arms to turn and move up and down simultaneously. The frame connection uses bushings.

An automotive battery produces direct current for use by automotive systems.

An overcooled engine is less efficient. During the power stroke, combustion heat pushes down the piston. If too much of this heat is lost to the cooling system, the fuel might not combust completely and contaminate the engine's lubricating oil diminishing its lubricating ability. Incomplete combustion of fuel also negatively affects the engine's fuel efficiency and power output.

The crankshaft converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion that's used to power the vehicle and its components.