Actuators receive signals from the PCM and carry out adjustments needed based on the data the PCM received from the sensors.

The oil pan contains the engine oil reservoir of from four to six quarts of oil and feeds the oil pump through the oil pickup tube. An oil strainer floats at the top of the oil in the oil pan and screens debris from the oil before feeding it to the oil pump.

Both drum brake and disc brake assemblies use friction to stop a car's wheels from turning but each do it in a slightly different way. A drum brake assembly uses a large iron drum attached to the wheel and brake shoes that press against the drum to slow the rotation of the drum and, consequently, the wheel. A disc brake assembly employs friction in the same way as a drum brake but instead uses a rotor, also attached to the wheel, and two brake pads that squeeze against the surface of the rotor.

A head gasket is a gasket that sits between the engine block and cylinder heads to seal the cylinders to ensure maximum compression and avoid leakage of coolant or engine oil into the cylinders.

The master (brake) cylinder converts pressure on the brake pedal to hydraulic pressure in the brake lines.