Capacitors store electricity and are used in circuits as temporary batteries. Capacitors are charged by DC current (AC current passes through a capacitor) and that stored charge can later be dissipated into the circuit as needed. Capacitors are often used to maintain power within a system when it is disconnected from its primary power source or to smooth out or filter voltage within a circuit.

Capacitors store electricity and are used in circuits as temporary batteries. Capacitors are charged by DC current (AC current passes through a capacitor) and that stored charge can later be dissipated into the circuit as needed. Capacitors connected in series produce less capacitance than capacitors connected in parallel.

Connecting the 10 batteries in series multiplies their voltage while keeping their current the same yielding a 150V 5A configuration. Connecting the 10 batteries in parallel multiplies their current while keeping their voltage the same yielding a 15V 50A configuration. Using a series-parallel connection, 5 batteries can be connected in series and 5 can be connected in parallel resulting in a 75V 25A configuration.

Ohm's law specifies the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit: V = IR.

Solved for current, I = \( \frac{V}{R} \) = \( \frac{400}{100} \) = 4 A

Current is the rate of flow of electrons per unit time and is measured in amperes (A). A coulomb (C) is the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampere.