Circuits are not limited to only series or only parallel configurations. Most circuits contain a mix of series and parallel segments. A good example is a household circuit breaker. Electrical outlets in each section of the house are wired in parallel with the circuit breaker for that section wired in series making it easy to cut off electricity to the parallel parts of the circuit when needed.

Connecting the 10 batteries in series multiplies their voltage while keeping their current the same yielding a 150V 20A configuration. Connecting the 10 batteries in parallel multiplies their current while keeping their voltage the same yielding a 15V 200A configuration. Using a series-parallel connection, 5 batteries can be connected in series and 5 can be connected in parallel resulting in a 75V 100A configuration.

A thermocouple is a temperature sensor that consists of two wires made from different conductors. The junction of these two wires produces a voltage based on the temperature difference between them and can be used like a switch to open or close the circuit at a designated temperature.

Insulators have valence shells that are more than half full of electrons and, as such, are tightly bound to the nucleus and difficult to move from one atom to another.

Connecting the 8 batteries in series multiplies their voltage while keeping their current the same yielding a 120V 25A configuration. Connecting the 8 batteries in parallel multiplies their current while keeping their voltage the same yieleding a 15V 200A configuration. Using a series-parallel connection, 4 batteries can be connected in series and 4 can be connected in parallel resulting in a 60V 100A configuration.