Ohm's law specifies the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit: V = IR.

Solved for resistance, R = \( \frac{V}{I} \) = \( \frac{455}{6.5} \) = 70 Ω

Connecting the 8 batteries in series multiplies their voltage while keeping their current the same yielding a 96V 15A configuration. Connecting the 8 batteries in parallel multiplies their current while keeping their voltage the same yieleding a 12V 120A configuration. Using a series-parallel connection, 4 batteries can be connected in series and 4 can be connected in parallel resulting in a 48V 60A configuration.

Current is the rate of flow of electrons per unit time and is measured in amperes (A). A coulomb (C) is the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampere.

Connecting the 4 batteries in series multiplies their voltage while keeping their current the same yielding a 60V 20A configuration. Connecting the 4 batteries in parallel multiplies their current while keeping their voltage the same yielding a 15V 80A configuration. Using a series-parallel connection, 2 batteries can be connected in series and 2 can be connected in parallel resulting in a 30V 40A configuration.

The transistor is the foundation of modern electronic devices. It is made entirely from semiconductor material (making it a solid state device) and can serve many different functions in a circuit including acting as a switch, amplifier, or current regulator. A transistor works by allowing a small amount of current applied at the base to control general current flow from collector to emitter through the transistor.