Cell division is the process by which cells replicate genetic material in the nucleus and consists of several phases, beginning with interphase and ending with cytokinesis.

Mass is the amount of matter something has while weight is the force exerted on an object's mass by gravity.  So, although a person's mass doesn't change when going from the Earth to the Moon, their weight will decrease because the force of the Moon's gravity is much less than that of Earth.

Temperatures again increase with altitude in the thermosphere which is the hottest (4,530 °F / 2,500 °C) atmospheric layer due to direct exposure to the Sun's radiation. However, the gas in this layer is highly diluted so even though the atoms of gas may be very high in temperature, there are too few of them to effectively transfer much heat.

An atom is the smallest component of an element that still retains the properties of the element.

The Fahrenheit scale fixes the freezing point of water at 32°F, the Celsuis scale at 0°C, and the Kelvin scale at 273K.