Angles around a line add up to 180°. Angles around a point add up to 360°. When two lines intersect, adjacent angles are supplementary (they add up to 180°) and angles across from either other are vertical (they're equal).

A rectangle is a parallelogram containing four right angles. Opposite sides (a = c, b = d) are equal and the perimeter is the sum of the lengths of all sides (a + b + c + d) or, comonly, 2 x length x width. The area of a rectangle is length x width. A square is a rectangle with four equal length sides. The perimeter of a square is 4 x length of one side (4s) and the area is the length of one side squared (s²).

To multiply monomials, multiply the coefficients (the numbers that come before the variables) of each term, add the exponents of like variables, and multiply the different variables together.

3a x 2b = (3 x 2) (a x b) = 6ab

The surface area of a cube is (2 x length x width) + (2 x width x height) + (2 x length x height):

sa = 2lw + 2wh + 2lh
sa = (2 x 2 x 7) + (2 x 7 x 4) + (2 x 2 x 4)
sa = (28) + (56) + (16)
sa = 100

An exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two interior angles that are opposite:

d° = b° + c°

To find angle c, remember that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 180°:

180° = a° + b° + c°
c° = 180° - a° - b°
c° = 180° - 28° - 61° = 91°

So, d° = 61° + 91° = 152°

A shortcut to get this answer is to remember that angles around a line add up to 180°:

a° + d° = 180°
d° = 180° - a°
d° = 180° - 28° = 152°