A circle is a figure in which each point around its perimeter is an equal distance from the center. The radius of a circle is the distance between the center and any point along its perimeter. A chord is a line segment that connects any two points along its perimeter. The diameter of a circle is the length of a chord that passes through the center of the circle and equals twice the circle's radius (2r).

To multiply binomials, use the FOIL method. FOIL stands for First, Outside, Inside, Last and refers to the position of each term in the parentheses:

(y + 5)(y + 6)
(y x y) + (y x 6) + (5 x y) + (5 x 6)
y² + 6y + 5y + 30
y² + 11y + 30

A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with one set of parallel sides.

To solve this equation, repeatedly do the same thing to both sides of the equation until the variable is isolated on one side of the equal sign and the answer on the other.

a + 8 = \( \frac{a}{7} \)
7 x (a + 8) = a
(7 x a) + (7 x 8) = a
7a + 56 = a
7a + 56 - a = 0
7a - a = -56
6a = -56
a = \( \frac{-56}{6} \)
a = -9\(\frac{1}{3}\)

The area of a trapezoid is one-half the sum of the lengths of the parallel sides multiplied by the height:

a = ½(b + d)(h)
a = ½(4 + 4)(4)
a = ½(8)(4)
a = ½(32) = \( \frac{32}{2} \)
a = 16