The first step to solve a quadratic expression that's not set to zero is to solve the equation so that it is set to zero:

b² + 17b + 40 = 5b + 5
b² + 17b + 40 - 5 = 5b
b² + 17b - 5b + 35 = 0
b² + 12b + 35 = 0

Next, factor the quadratic equation:

b² + 12b + 35 = 0
(b + 5)(b + 7) = 0

For this expression to be true, the left side of the expression must equal zero. Therefore, either (b + 5) or (b + 7) must equal zero:

If (b + 5) = 0, b must equal -5
If (b + 7) = 0, b must equal -7

So the solution is that b = -5 or -7

The formula for area is πr²:

a = πr²
a = π(4²)
a = 16π

An exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two interior angles that are opposite:

d° = b° + c°

To find angle c, remember that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 180°:

180° = a° + b° + c°
c° = 180° - a° - b°
c° = 180° - 22° - 49° = 109°

So, d° = 49° + 109° = 158°

A shortcut to get this answer is to remember that angles around a line add up to 180°:

a° + d° = 180°
d° = 180° - a°
d° = 180° - 22° = 158°

The coordinate grid is composed of a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis. The center of the grid, where the x-axis and y-axis meet, is called the origin.

To factor a quadratic expression, apply the FOIL (First, Outside, Inside, Last) method in reverse.