To factor a quadratic expression, apply the FOIL method (First, Outside, Inside, Last) in reverse. First, find the two Last terms that will multiply to produce -21 as well and sum (Inside, Outside) to equal -4. For this problem, those two numbers are -7 and 3. Then, plug these into a set of binomials using the square root of the First variable (y²):

y² - 4y - 21
y² + (-7 + 3)y + (-7 x 3)
(y - 7)(y + 3)

A right angle measures 90 degrees and is the intersection of two perpendicular lines. In diagrams, a right angle is indicated by a small box completing a square with the perpendicular lines.

The circumference of a circle is the distance around its perimeter and equals π (approx. 3.14159) x diameter: c = π d. The area of a circle is π x (radius)² : a = π r².

The surface area of a cube is (2 x length x width) + (2 x width x height) + (2 x length x height):

sa = 2lw + 2wh + 2lh
sa = (2 x 6 x 6) + (2 x 6 x 3) + (2 x 6 x 3)
sa = (72) + (36) + (36)
sa = 144

A cylinder is a solid figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval cross section with a radius (r) and a height (h). The volume of a cylinder is π r²h and the surface area is 2(π r²) + 2π rh.