The area of a rectangle is equal to its length x width:

a = l x w
a = a x b
a = 2 x 8
a = 16

The Pythagorean theorem defines the relationship between the side lengths of a right triangle. The length of the hypotenuse squared (c²) is equal to the sum of the two perpendicular sides squared (a² + b²): c² = a² + b² or, solved for c, \(c = \sqrt{a + b}\)

The coordinate grid is composed of a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis. The center of the grid, where the x-axis and y-axis meet, is called the origin.

For parallel lines with a transversal, the following relationships apply:

• angles in the same position on different parallel lines equal each other (a° = w°, b° = x°, c° = z°, d° = y°)
• alternate interior angles are equal (a° = z°, b° = y°, c° = w°, d° = x°)
• all acute angles (a° = c° = w° = z°) and all obtuse angles (b° = d° = x° = y°) equal each other
• same-side interior angles are supplementary and add up to 180° (e.g. a° + d° = 180°, d° + c° = 180°)

Applying these relationships starting with d° = 165, the value of w° is 15.

To solve this equation, repeatedly do the same thing to both sides of the equation until the variable is isolated on one side of the equal sign and the answer on the other.

4z + 3 = \( \frac{z}{2} \)
2 x (4z + 3) = z
(2 x 4z) + (2 x 3) = z
8z + 6 = z
8z + 6 - z = 0
8z - z = -6
7z = -6
z = \( \frac{-6}{7} \)
z = -\(\frac{6}{7}\)